Linux Basics

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The Directory Structure

A file is kept inside a directory. A directory can have a file or another directory inside it. It is like an inverted tree.

The top-level directory is "/" called root. "/" directory does not have a parent. /A/B means B is inside A which is inside the top-level directory "root" denoted by /.

File System

List Files and Directory

To see the list of files use the command: ls

You can change the directory using the cd command. It's syntax is:

cd directory

where,

directory is the name or path of the directory. It can be either relative or absolute.

We can also use special symbols in place of directory such as cd ~ to traverse to home directory, cd / to traverse to root directory, and cd .. to traverse to parent directory of the current directory.

Every user is given a separate home directory.

Home Directory & Current Directory

Inside the console, you are always in a directory. On login, by default, you land in your home directory.

To see the present working directory use: pwd

To change the directory to your home directory use only cd command without any arguments.


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