Format Operator
The format operator % works on strings for variable substitution purposes. When applied to integers, % is the modulus operator. But when the first operand is a string, % is the format operator.
a = 73
b = "%d" % a
print (b)
It prints 73. Basically, it substituted %d with the value of the variable a. the format sequence %d means that the second operand should be formatted as an integer ("d" stands for "decimal").
For more than one format sequence in the string, the second argument has to be a tuple. Each format sequence is matched with an element of the tuple, in order.
The following example uses %d to format an integer, %g to format a floating-point number, and %s to format a string:
b = "%d is an integer, %g is floating-point and %s is string" % (23, 23.34, "Twenty-Three")
print(b)
It prints '23 is an integer, 23.34 is floating-point and Twenty-Three is string'
The number of elements in the tuple must match the number of format sequences in the string. The types of elements also must match the format sequences.
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